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Intelligent Teaching Design Assistant for Primary Mathematics: A Large Language Model-Driven Framework with Retrieval-Augmented Generation and Problem-Chain Pedagogy

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  • Author(s): Danna Tang (ORCID Danna Tang (ORCID 0009-0000-7686-3521); Ran Ding (ORCID Ran Ding (ORCID 0009-0009-1458-2754); Meng He (ORCID Meng He (ORCID 0000-0001-6869-9194); Yushen Wang (ORCID Yushen Wang (ORCID 0009-0005-4470-9390); Kaka Cheng (ORCID Kaka Cheng (ORCID 0000-0002-9931-0572)
  • Language:
    English
  • Source:
    International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education. 2026 21(1).
  • Publication Date:
    2026
  • Document Type:
    Journal Articles
    Reports - Research
  • Additional Information
    • Availability:
      International Electronic Journal of Mathematics Education. Suite 124, Challenge House 616 Mitcham Road, CR0 3AA, Croydon, London, UK. Tel: +44-208-936-7681; e-mail: iejme@iejme.com; Web site: https://www.iejme.com
    • Peer Reviewed:
      Y
    • Source:
      12
    • Education Level:
      Elementary Education
    • Subject Terms:
    • ISSN:
      1306-3030
    • Abstract:
      Primary mathematics education faces systemic challenges in translating curriculum reforms into classroom practice, exacerbated by teachers' cognitive overload and limited support for pedagogical innovation. This study develops an Intelligent Teaching Design Assistant grounded in socio-constructivist and cognitive load theories to address these challenges. Thirty-four primary mathematics teachers participated in a quasi-experimental study. The Intelligent Teaching Design Assistant integrates Large Language Models with multi-dimensional knowledge bases (curriculum standards, teaching strategies, student profiles) and a multi-agent architecture (process planner, student simulator). The Intelligent Teaching Design Assistant significantly outperformed generic Large Language Models, improving overall lesson plan quality. This work pioneers a replicable pathway for AI to empower teacher agency and advance 21st-century educational transformation.
    • Abstract:
      As Provided
    • Publication Date:
      2026
    • Accession Number:
      EJ1505528