Developing Students' Moral Values in Elementary School: Using Moralizing, Modeling, and Guiding Methods

Research on developing moral values has often been done and continues to this day. Although research on the topic has been done for a long time, continuous research needs to be done to get the right and accurate methods to foster students' moral values, especially at the elementary school level. This research aims to find out which method is better in fostering students' moral values in elementary schools.This study was a qualitative exploration in the case study genre. Data was collected from four elementary schools as a research unit. Two schools foster moral values through moralizing and modeling methods, while the others foster them by guiding. Data was collected using interview and observation techniques. Both methods are used to reveal differences in the impact of implementing moral value development methods. The data were analyzed using an interactive model developed by Miles, Huberman, and Saldana. This study found; (1) the guiding method is better for developing the moral values of primary school students compared to the moralizing and modeling methods; (2) The use of guiding methods in a strict and organized manner can better develop students' moral values; (3) implementation of the guding method requires great effort to work optimally. The conclusion was that guiding is the best method for developing elementary school students’ moral values, followed by moralizing and modeling.