Study on nosocomial infections and the responsability of health establishments : cases from France and Mali ; Etude relative aux infections nosocomiales et à la responsabilité des établissements de santé : les cas de la France et du Mali

Health facilities are places intended to carry out diagnostic, preventive and care activities. And during these activities, users may be victims of other diseases different from the one that caused them to pass through these establishments, in other words, nosocomial or healthcare-associated infections.But, it is important to know that not all infections contracted in the hospital are nosocomial, which is why it is important to make a difference between a community infection present in the patient before his passage to the hospital and that contracted within it. Thus, there are two kinds, namely, endogenous and exogenous nosocomial infection. the first is that which is considered as an auto-infection of the patient, that is to say, when the patient becomes infected with his own flora and the second is that caused by the hospital environment, for example: water, improperly disinfected equipment or the doctor's hands through the handling of bacteria. Thus, to prove the nosocomial nature of the infection, an incubation period of 48 hours has been set by the courts, this period can extend to 1 month in the context of an infection of the surgical site and to 1 year when prosthetic material has been placed. In France and Mali, efforts have been initiated against these infections, which are very costly for establishments, which has also led to the establishment of infection control committees with the provision of reporting portals allowing users to contact the health authorities in case of doubt. unlike France, Mali is struggling to fight a real fight against these diseases which affect about half of the patients hospitalized in the country's major public hospitals. Faced with the upsurge in the number of victims, the courts have decided to introduce themselves by stating the right allowing victims to request compensation for damages related to nosocomial infections. For this repair, the French government through the law of December 30, 2002, gives the possibility to victims of nosocomial infections to be compensated ...