Developing a Hydrocarbon Electronic Book to Develop Students Critical Thinking Skills Through the 4S TMD Method.

This study aimed to develop an electronic book on hydrocarbon study materials using the Four-Steps Teaching Material Development (4S TMD) method to develop students' critical thinking skills. To achieve this goal, an electronic book was developed using the 4S TMD method, which will be tested using the Development Research (DR) research method which consists of three stages: design, development, and evaluation. At this stage the study was the first part of the development of teaching materials which consisted of four stages: selection, arrangement, characterization, and didactic reduction. The results of the research were focused on the selection stages. At the selection stage, the development of teaching materials begins with the development of learning indicators, the development of the concept of hydrocarbons based on curriculum demands, the development of basic concepts sourced from international textbooks, and finally, the development of skills that can be integrated with the concept of hydrocarbons. The results of the selection stage were evaluated by expert lecturers in the field of chemistry education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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