Die pastor 'Vader' Kestell in die Anglo-Boereoorlog: Pastoraal in sy omgang en skryfwerk.

The pastor 'Father' Kestell in the Anglo-Boer War: Pastoral in his conduct and writings. As a minister of religion in the Dutch Reformed Church of Harrismith, J.D. Kestell joined men of his congregation on commando during the Anglo-Boer War (1899–1902). From the outset, his aim was to serve the Boer forces as a chaplain in a non-military capacity. Throughout the war, he neither carried a weapon nor accepted a military rank. His purpose was mainly to strengthen the faith of the burghers in the triune God and to motivate them to defend the independence of the Republic of the Orange Free State, which Kestell regarded as a gift of God in his providence. This article focuses on Kestell's non-military role in the Anglo-Boer War as a Reformed minister caring for the spiritual well-being of his own burghers and church members on commando, as well as – if the situation required – English troops in need. Chaplain Kestell's work centred on preaching the Word of God whenever possible, organising religious activities, and caring for the wounded. In this ministry, Kestell revealed a remarkable capacity to be a pastor and shepherd to men – on both sides – at war. As a minister of the Word, he was sensitive to the needs of individual soldiers (English), burghers (Boers), groups of men, and to the spiritual trends emerging in military gatherings concerning the war. Contribution: Kestell demonstrated deep sensitivity towards military leaders, especially among the Boers. He had a strong relationship with President M.T. Steyn and the commander of the Free State forces, General C.R. de Wet. The three men shared a common understanding of the Christian calling – whether as minister, military leader, or statesman. At the request of his government, Kestell recorded the minutes of the peace negotiations held from 15 to 31 May 1902, again showing his particular sensitivity to people and their inner thoughts. Kestell was a compassionate and caring pastor, earning the nickname 'Father' because of his loving concern for others. This nickname aptly captured his pastoral approach to people during the Anglo-Boer War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]