Distribution and Diversity of Salmonella Strains in Shipments of Hatchling Poultry, United States, 2013.

Publisher: Blackwell Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 101300786 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1863-2378 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 18631959 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Zoonoses Public Health Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag

Chickens*; Poultry Diseases/*microbiology ; Salmonella Infections, Animal/*microbiology ; Salmonella enterica/*isolation & purification; Animals ; Commerce ; Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial ; Genetic Variation ; Genotype ; Poultry Diseases/epidemiology ; Salmonella Infections, Animal/epidemiology ; Salmonella enterica/drug effects ; Salmonella enterica/genetics ; United States/epidemiology

Multistate outbreaks of salmonellosis associated with live poultry contact have been occurring with increasing frequency. In 2013, multistate outbreaks of salmonellosis were traced back to exposure to live poultry, some of which were purchased at a national chain of farm stores (Farm store chain Y). This study was conducted at 36 stores of Farm store chain Y and was concurrent with the timing of exposure for the human outbreaks of salmonellosis in 2013. We used environmental swabs of arriving shipment boxes of hatchling poultry and shipment tracking information to examine the distribution, diversity and anti-microbial resistance of non-typhoidal Salmonella (NTS) across farm stores and hatcheries. Isolates recovered from shipment boxes underwent serotyping, anti-microbial resistance (AMR) testing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Postal service tracking codes from the shipment boxes were used to determine the hatchery of origin. The PFGE patterns were compared with the PFGE patterns of NTS causing outbreaks of salmonellosis in 2013. A total of 219 hatchling boxes from 36 stores in 13 states were swabbed between 15 March 2013 and 18 April 2013. NTS were recovered from 59 (27%) of 219 hatchling boxes. Recovery was not significantly associated with species of hatchlings, number of birds in the shipment box, or the presence of dead, injured or sick birds. Four of the 23 PFGE patterns and 23 of 50 isolates were indistinguishable from strains causing human outbreaks in 2013. For serotypes associated with human illnesses, PFGE patterns most frequently recovered from shipment boxes were also more frequent causes of human illness. Boxes positive for the same PFGE pattern most frequently originated from the same mail-order hatchery. Only one of 59 isolates was resistant to anti-microbials used to treat Salmonella infections in people. This study provides critical information to address recurrent human outbreaks of salmonellosis associated with mail-order hatchling poultry.
(© 2014 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.)

Emerg Infect Dis. 2010 Jan;16(1):48-54. (PMID: 20031042)
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2009 Sep;6(7):767-76. (PMID: 19737056)
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2013 Jan;32(1):8-12. (PMID: 23014358)
Epidemiol Infect. 2002 Aug;129(1):19-27. (PMID: 12211587)
N Engl J Med. 2012 May 31;366(22):2065-73. (PMID: 22646629)
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2009 Dec;6(10):1235-40. (PMID: 19743925)
Emerg Infect Dis. 2011 Jan;17(1):7-15. (PMID: 21192848)
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2006 Spring;3(1):59-67. (PMID: 16602980)
Emerg Infect Dis. 2001 May-Jun;7(3):382-9. (PMID: 11384513)
Foodborne Pathog Dis. 2012 Oct;9(10):928-33. (PMID: 22953739)
Clin Infect Dis. 2014 May;58(10):1432-8. (PMID: 24501387)
Clin Infect Dis. 2012 Jun;54 Suppl 5:S472-9. (PMID: 22572672)
Prev Vet Med. 2013 Jul 1;110(3-4):481-8. (PMID: 23290129)

CC999999 United States Intramural CDC HHS

Indexing Agency: NLM Local ID #: HHSPA748501.
Keywords: Salmonella; anti-microbial resistance; chickens; disease outbreaks; poultry; zoonoses

Date Created: 20140920 Date Completed: 20160328 Latest Revision: 20211021

20250114

PMC4707942

10.1111/zph.12157

25236179