Item request has been placed! ×
Item request cannot be made. ×
loading  Processing Request

Tracking extinction risk trends and patterns in a mega-diverse country: A Red List Index for birds in Colombia.

Item request has been placed! ×
Item request cannot be made. ×
loading   Processing Request
Read Online Read More Add to Saved list
  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Public Library of Science Country of Publication: United States NLM ID: 101285081 Publication Model: eCollection Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1932-6203 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19326203 NLM ISO Abbreviation: PLoS One Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: San Francisco, CA : Public Library of Science
    • Subject Terms:
      Biodiversity* ; Birds* ; Conservation of Natural Resources* ; Extinction, Biological*; Animals ; Colombia
    • Abstract:
      Monitoring trends in the extinction risk of species is important for tracking conservation effectiveness. The Red List index (RLI) reflects changes in aggregate extinction risk for sets of species over time (a value of zero means that all species are extinct, a value of one means that all species are categorized as Least Concern). We calculated the first national RLI for birds in Colombia for the period 2002-2016, and disaggregated indices by ecosystems, regions, and species groups. Overall, the status of birds in Colombia has moderately deteriorated during 2002-2016, declining by 0.0000714% per year (the global RLI for birds declined by 0.0297% per year). High Andean forest, paramo, and freshwater are the ecosystems in worst condition. The two regions with the greatest avian diversity contrasted: the Andes has the lowest RLI, and the Amazon the highest. Among species groups, gamebirds, parrots, large frugivores, and forest raptors are the most threatened. Habitat loss from expansion of illicit crops and population declines from hunting were the most important threats. Agricultural expansion, invasive alien animal species, illegal logging and illegal mining are significant threats for some species. Tracking species' extinction risk is important in a country with the highest bird species richness in the world, dynamic spatial patterns of habitat loss, and high levels of endemism. Recent developments provide reasons for both hope and despair. In 2016, a peace agreement ended 50 years of armed conflict. New opportunities for biodiversity conservation, local development based on bird-watching tourism, and advancement in scientific knowledge of birds now occur alongside dramatic increases in deforestation. These new conservation opportunities and challenges provide strong motivation to take advantage of the fact that the overall risk of extinction of birds in Colombia is still relatively low and stable. Effective action is urgently needed while there still is the opportunity to prevent extinctions and safeguard species, particularly those in higher risk categories.
      Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
    • References:
      Nat Ecol Evol. 2019 Jan;3(1):20-23. (PMID: 30478307)
      Ambio. 2005 May;34(3):205-11. (PMID: 16042278)
      Nature. 2011 Mar 3;471(7336):51-7. (PMID: 21368823)
      Science. 2013 Nov 15;342(6160):850-3. (PMID: 24233722)
      Science. 2010 May 28;328(5982):1164-8. (PMID: 20430971)
      Sci Adv. 2015 Jun 19;1(5):e1400253. (PMID: 26601195)
      Trends Ecol Evol. 2006 Feb;21(2):71-6. (PMID: 16701477)
      Science. 2004 Sep 24;305(5692):1915-6. (PMID: 15448256)
      Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci. 2005 Feb 28;360(1454):255-68. (PMID: 15814344)
      PLoS One. 2014 Nov 26;9(11):e113934. (PMID: 25426636)
      Nature. 2000 Feb 24;403(6772):853-8. (PMID: 10706275)
      Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2018 Jul 31;115(31):7985-7990. (PMID: 30018064)
      Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Feb 15;45(4):1219-27. (PMID: 21222455)
      Conserv Biol. 2008 Dec;22(6):1424-42. (PMID: 18847444)
      Conserv Biol. 2015 Jun;29(3):910-9. (PMID: 25580521)
      Conserv Biol. 2016 Feb;30(1):14-22. (PMID: 26332105)
      Nature. 2016 Aug 10;536(7615):143-5. (PMID: 27510207)
      PLoS One. 2012;7(8):e43943. (PMID: 22952816)
      PLoS One. 2012;7(3):e32529. (PMID: 22457717)
      Int J Drug Policy. 2009 Sep;20(5):381-6. (PMID: 19054660)
      PLoS One. 2007 Jan 03;2(1):e140. (PMID: 17206275)
      Science. 2005 Jul 22;309(5734):570-4. (PMID: 16040698)
      Science. 2014 Jul 25;345(6195):401-6. (PMID: 25061202)
      Nature. 1971 Jan 1;229(5279):44-5. (PMID: 16059069)
      Trends Ecol Evol. 2006 Aug;21(8):464-71. (PMID: 16762448)
      PLoS Biol. 2004 Dec;2(12):e383. (PMID: 15510230)
      PLoS One. 2015 Aug 07;10(8):e0135152. (PMID: 26252495)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20200128 Date Completed: 20200511 Latest Revision: 20200511
    • Publication Date:
      20240513
    • Accession Number:
      PMC6984723
    • Accession Number:
      10.1371/journal.pone.0227381
    • Accession Number:
      31986160