Coyote (Canis latrans) in South America: potential routes of colonization.

Publisher: Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd Country of Publication: Australia NLM ID: 101492420 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1749-4877 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 17494869 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Integr Zool Subsets: MEDLINE

Publication: 2012-: Richmond, Vic., Australia : Wiley Publishing Asia Pty Ltd
Original Publication: 2006-2012: [Oxford, England] : Blackwell Publishing

Animal Distribution* ; Coyotes* ; Introduced Species*; Algorithms ; Altitude ; Animals ; Central America ; Ecosystem ; Homing Behavior ; Humans ; Population Density ; South America

During the last century, the coyote (Canis latrans) has increased its distribution in Central America. Before the 1980s, it had not been recorded in Panama. New records show that coyotes have crossed the Panama Canal, indicating that continues to expand; therefore, there is a possibility that it will reach northern South America. Our objectives were to identify potential coyote colonization routes to South America, and the variables that favor its expansion. We hypothesized that habitat fragmentation benefits coyote expansion. We applied 7 algorithms to model the potential distribution of the coyote, using 196 presence records and 12 variables. The models with better performance were used to generate a consensus model. Using our consensus model and the areas with highest probability of presence, a potential colonization route was generated between Central America and northern South America. This route lies through southern Costa Rica, along the Pacific coast of Panama to the south, to the Andean mountains in northern Colombia. The variables that explained potential coyote distribution were human population density, altitude, and percentage of crops with positive influence, and tropical broadleaf forests with negative influence. These results indicate that human activities and deforestation are related to coyote distribution expansion. Actions can be implemented within the identified route to improve environmental management, in order to avoid the presence of the coyote in the ecosystems of northern South America.
(© 2020 International Society of Zoological Sciences, Institute of Zoology/Chinese Academy of Sciences and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.)

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Keywords: Canis latrans; carnivore; distribution; expansion; invasive; management; species distribution model

Date Created: 20200520 Date Completed: 20210208 Latest Revision: 20210208

20250114

10.1111/1749-4877.12446

32427390