Heterogeneity of Size and Toxin Distribution in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Outer Membrane Vesicles.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101530765 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6651 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726651 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Toxins (Basel) Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel : MDPI

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans* ; Toxins, Biological*; Cytosol ; Biological Transport ; Cell Movement

Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans is a Gram-negative bacterium associated with localized aggressive periodontitis as well as some systemic diseases. The strains of A. actinomycetemcomitans most closely associated with disease produce more of a secreted leukotoxin (LtxA) than isolates from healthy carriers, suggesting a key role for this toxin in disease progression. LtxA is released into the bacterial cytosol in a free form as well as in association with the surface of outer membrane vesicles (OMVs). We previously observed that the highly leukotoxic A. actinomycetemcomitans strain JP2 produces two populations of OMVs: a highly abundant population of small (<100 nm) OMVs and a less abundant population of large (>300 nm) OMVs. Here, we have developed a protocol to isolate the OMVs produced during each specific phase of growth and used this to demonstrate that small OMVs are produced throughout growth and lack LtxA, while large OMVs are produced only during the exponential phase and are enriched with LtxA. Our results indicate that surface-associated DNA drives the selective sorting of LtxA into large OMVs. This study provides valuable insights into the observed heterogeneity of A. actinomycetemcomitans vesicles and emphasizes the importance of understanding these variations in the context of bacterial pathogenesis.

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R03 DE025275 United States DE NIDCR NIH HHS; R21 DE032153 United States DE NIDCR NIH HHS; DE025275 United States NH NIH HHS

Keywords: Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans; heterogeneity; leukotoxin; outer membrane vesicles (OMVs)

0 (Toxins, Biological)

Date Created: 20240327 Date Completed: 20240328 Latest Revision: 20240331

20240331

PMC10974469

10.3390/toxins16030138

38535804