Effect of exercise duration on toluene-induced locomotor sensitization in mice: a focus on the Renin Angiotensin System.

Publisher: Springer-Verlag Country of Publication: Germany NLM ID: 7608025 Publication Model: Print-Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1432-2072 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 00333158 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Psychopharmacology (Berl) Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag.

Toluene*/pharmacology ; Toluene*/administration & dosage ; Physical Conditioning, Animal*/physiology ; Renin-Angiotensin System*/drug effects ; Renin-Angiotensin System*/physiology; Animals ; Mice ; Male ; Locomotion/drug effects ; Locomotion/physiology ; Motor Activity/drug effects ; Motor Activity/physiology ; Time Factors ; Behavior, Addictive

Rationale: Exercise attenuates addictive behavior; however, little is known about the contribution of exercise duration to this positive effect. The Renin Angiotensin System (RAS) has been implicated both in addictive responses and in the beneficial effects of exercise; though, its role in the advantageous effects of exercise on toluene-induced addictive responses has not been explored.
Objectives: To evaluate the impact of different exercise regimens in mitigating the expression of toluene-induced locomotor sensitization and to analyze changes in RAS elements' expression at the mesocorticolimbic system after repeated toluene exposure and following voluntary wheel running in toluene-sensitized animals.
Methods: Toluene-induced addictive-like response was evaluated with a locomotor sensitization model in mice. Toluene-sensitized animals had access to running wheels 1, 2, 4 or 24 h/day for 4 weeks; thereafter, locomotor sensitization expression was evaluated after a toluene challenge. RAS elements (ACE and ACE2 enzymes; AT1, AT2 and Mas receptors) expression was determined by Western blot in the VTA, NAc and PFCx of toluene-sensitized mice with and without exercise.
Results: Individual differences in toluene-induced locomotor sensitization development were observed. Access to wheel running 1 and 2 h/day reduced but 4 and 24 h/day completely blocked locomotor sensitization expression. Repeated toluene exposure changed RAS elements' expression in the VTA, NAc and PFCx, while exercise mainly modified ACE and AT1 in air-exposed and toluene-sensitized mice.
Conclusions: Inhalant-exposed animals show different sensitization phenotypes. Exercise duration determined its efficacy to attenuate the addictive-like response. Toluene exposure and exercise each modified RAS, the latter also modifying toluene-induced changes.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

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PAPIIT-DGAPA IN221123 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; IN226819 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México

Keywords: Addiction; Exercise; Inhalants; Locomotor sensitization; Renin angiotensin system; Time-dependent effect; Toluene; Voluntary wheel running

3FPU23BG52 (Toluene)

Date Created: 20240605 Date Completed: 20240930 Latest Revision: 20240930

20250114

10.1007/s00213-024-06626-5

38839630