The Performance and Associated Risks of the Criteria for Sarcopenic Obesity Proposed by the European Association for the Study of Obesity in a Geriatric Population.

Publisher: MDPI Publishing Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101521595 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2072-6643 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20726643 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Nutrients Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI Publishing

Sarcopenia*/epidemiology ; Sarcopenia*/diagnosis ; Obesity*/complications ; Obesity*/epidemiology ; Geriatric Assessment*/methods ; Frailty*/diagnosis ; Body Mass Index*; Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Male ; Aged, 80 and over ; Frail Elderly/statistics & numerical data ; Risk Factors ; Independent Living/statistics & numerical data ; Waist Circumference ; Cohort Studies

Background: There is no gold standard definition of sarcopenic obesity (SO). Our objective is to evaluate the benefit of using the new definition proposed by the European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO) in older people.
Methods: Data from the Toledo Study of Healthy Aging, a study based on a cohort of community-dwelling older adults, were used. SO was defined according to the EASO and by a composite of the Foundation for the National Institute of Health (FNIH) for the diagnosis of sarcopenia and the WHO's criteria for obesity (Body Mass Index, BMI ≥ 30 kg/m ² ; waist circumference, >88 cm for women and >102 cm for men). Frailty [Frailty Phenotype (FFP) and Frailty Trait Scale-5 (FTS5)] and disability (Katz Index) statuses were assessed at baseline and at the follow-up (median 2.99 years). Mortality at a 5-year follow-up was also assessed. The Logistic and Cox regression models were used to assess the associations.
Results: Of the 1559 subjects (age 74.79 ± 5.76 years; 45.54% men), 30.15% (EASO/ESPEN) vs. 16.36% (FNIH) met the SO criteria (Kappa = 0.42). SO was associated with the prevalence of frailty by both the EASO's [OR(95%CI): FFP: 1.70 (1.33-2.16); FTS-5 binary: 2.29 (1.60-3.27); β(95%CI): FTS-5 continuous 3.63 (3.00-4.27)] and FNIH+WHO's criteria [OR (95%CI): 2.20 (1.61, 3.00)]. The FNIH + WHO's criteria were cross-sectionally associated with disability [OR: 1.52 (1.07, 2.16); p -value 0.018], while the EASO's criteria were not. The EASO's criteria did not show any association at the follow-up, while the FNIH + WHO's criteria were associated with incident frailty.
Conclusions: The EASO's new criteria for sarcopenic obesity demonstrate moderate agreement with the traditional definition and are cross-sectionally associated with adverse events, but they do not effectively predict the outcomes generally associated with sarcopenic obesity in older adults. Therefore, the performance of the EASO's criteria in older people raises the need for refinement before recommending it for generalized use in this population.

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PI20/00977 Instituto de Salud Carlos III; CB16/10/00464 Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red; 115621 Innovative Medicines Initiative; Section 2/2020 Fundación Francisco Soria Melguizo; FP7/2007-2013 European Union' Seventh Framework Programme; European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations

Keywords: frailty; obesity; sarcopenia; sarcopenic obesity

Date Created: 20241016 Date Completed: 20241016 Latest Revision: 20241019

20250114

PMC11478913

10.3390/nu16193315

39408282