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Shedding light on dark taxa: exploring a cryptic diversity of parasitoid wasps affected by artificial light at night.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: Nature Publishing Group Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 101563288 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 2045-2322 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 20452322 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Sci Rep Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: London : Nature Publishing Group, copyright 2011-
    • Subject Terms:
      Wasps*/classification ; Wasps*/physiology ; Wasps*/genetics ; Wasps*/radiation effects ; Light*; Animals ; Phylogeny ; Germany ; Biodiversity ; Ecosystem ; Host-Parasite Interactions
    • Abstract:
      Competing Interests: Declarations. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
      Artificial light at night (ALAN) contributes to the globally observed insect decline. ALAN attracts nocturnal insects from their native ecosystems and disturbs their functions in the food web. Road lights in this context are ubiquitous and relevant ALAN sources that are often not considered in conservation approaches. In a previous study we showed that shielded LED road lights are suited to be part of conservation measures by effectively reducing the attraction of nocturnal insects. Here we show that this positive effect holds true for parasitoid wasps in an experimental BACI design (Before-After-Control-Impact). Combining morphological with molecular and phylogenetic analyses, we identified 106 individuals (62 morphotypes) of a minimum of 45 genera out of 13 Hymenoptera families. We were able to identify 21 species, 11 of which are newly reported in Southern Germany (Baden-Württemberg). Further combining knowledge on life history and host appearance from our data and the literature, we discuss potential impacts of ALAN ranging from an influence on nocturnal pollination via parasitoid pressure on moth species and biological control of invasive pest species to tritrophic interactions between primary and secondary parasitoids. We conclusively think that shielded LED road lights will reduce the ecological impact of ALAN on parasitoid wasps in a large and undescribed number of taxa with different host associations, likely affecting associated ecosystem functions such as biological control.
      (© 2025. The Author(s).)
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    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: Artificial light at night; Biological control; Insect decline; Light pollution; Parasitoids; Shielding; Street lights
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20250220 Date Completed: 20250509 Latest Revision: 20250509
    • Publication Date:
      20250509
    • Accession Number:
      PMC11842737
    • Accession Number:
      10.1038/s41598-025-88111-3
    • Accession Number:
      39979329