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Long Non-Coding RNA THRIL Promotes Influenza Virus Replication by Inhibiting the Antiviral Innate Immune Response.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101509722 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1999-4915 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 19994915 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Viruses Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI
    • Subject Terms:
      Virus Replication* ; Immunity, Innate* ; RNA, Long Noncoding*/genetics ; Influenza A virus*/physiology ; Influenza A virus*/immunology ; Influenza A virus*/genetics ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3*/metabolism ; Interferon Regulatory Factor-3*/genetics ; Interferons*/metabolism ; Interferons*/genetics ; Interferons*/immunology; Humans ; A549 Cells ; Influenza, Human/immunology ; Influenza, Human/virology ; Influenza, Human/genetics ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology ; Host-Pathogen Interactions/genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Poly I-C/pharmacology
    • Abstract:
      Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been recognized for their crucial roles in the replication processes of various viruses. However, the specific functions and regulatory mechanisms of many lncRNAs in influenza A virus (IAV) pathogenesis remain poorly understood. In this study, we identified lncRNA THRIL and observed a significant reduction in its expression following IAV infection in A549 cells. The treatment of cells with the viral mimic poly (I:C), or with type I and type III interferons, resulted in a substantial decrease in THRIL expression. Furthermore, THRIL overexpression significantly enhanced IAV replication, while its silencing markedly reduced IAV replication. Additionally, IAV infection led to notable reductions in the expression levels of type I and type III interferons in cell lines overexpressing THRIL compared to control groups; conversely, cell lines with THRIL knockdown exhibited significantly higher interferon levels than control groups. Moreover, THRIL was found to inhibit the expression of several critical interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), which are essential for an effective antiviral response. Notably, our findings demonstrated that THRIL impaired the activation of IRF3, a key transcription factor in the interferon signaling pathway, thereby suppressing host innate immunity. These results highlight THRIL's potential as a therapeutic target for antiviral strategies.
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    • Grant Information:
      32030110, U23A20235 Natural Science Foundation of China; 2021YFD1800205 National Key Research and Development Program of China; KFB23094, KFb22063XA the Science and Technology Innovation Project of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry Univer-sity
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: IRF3; THRIL; influenza A virus; innate immunity; long non-coding RNAs
    • Accession Number:
      0 (RNA, Long Noncoding)
      0 (Interferon Regulatory Factor-3)
      9008-11-1 (Interferons)
      0 (IRF3 protein, human)
      O84C90HH2L (Poly I-C)
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20250226 Date Completed: 20250226 Latest Revision: 20250228
    • Publication Date:
      20250228
    • Accession Number:
      PMC11861671
    • Accession Number:
      10.3390/v17020153
    • Accession Number:
      40006907