MicroRNAs as Endocrine Modulators of Breast Cancer.

Publisher: MDPI Country of Publication: Switzerland NLM ID: 101092791 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1422-0067 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14220067 NLM ISO Abbreviation: Int J Mol Sci Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: Basel, Switzerland : MDPI, [2000-

Breast Neoplasms*/genetics ; Breast Neoplasms*/metabolism ; Breast Neoplasms*/pathology ; Breast Neoplasms*/diagnosis ; MicroRNAs*/genetics ; MicroRNAs*/metabolism; Humans ; Female ; Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics ; Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic ; Animals ; Prognosis

Breast cancer is an aggressive disease of multiple subtypes with varying phenotypic, hormonal, and clinicopathological features, offering enhanced resistance to conventional therapeutic regimens. There is an unmet need for reliable molecular biomarkers capable of detecting the malignant transformation from the early stages of the disease to enhance diagnosis and treatment outcomes. A subset of small non-coding nucleic acid molecules, micro ribonucleic acids (microRNAs/miRNAs), have emerged as promising biomarkers due to their role in gene regulation and cancer pathogenesis. This review discusses, in detail, the different origins and hormone-like regulatory functionalities of miRNAs localized in tumor tissue and in the circulation, as well as their inherent stability and turnover that determines the utility of miRNAs as biomarkers for disease detection, monitoring, prognosis, and therapeutic targets.

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RGF019-2023 National Breast Cancer Research Institute (NBCRI)

Keywords: breast cancer; canonical biogenesis; circulatory miRNAs; exosomes; hormone receptors; microRNAs; systemic biomarkers

0 (MicroRNAs)
0 (Biomarkers, Tumor)

Date Created: 20250417 Date Completed: 20250417 Latest Revision: 20250423

20250423

PMC11989600

10.3390/ijms26073449

40244378