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Enhancing the User Experience of Learning Management Systems in Higher Education: Chatbot Design Principles

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  • Author(s): Maria M. Swanepoel (ORCID Maria M. Swanepoel (ORCID 0000-0001-7619-9704); Machdel Matthee (ORCID Machdel Matthee (ORCID 0000-0002-6973-1798); Marie J. Hattingh (ORCID Marie J. Hattingh (ORCID 0000-0003-1121-8892)
  • Language:
    English
  • Source:
    Transformation in Higher Education. 2026 11.
  • Publication Date:
    2026
  • Document Type:
    Journal Articles
    Reports - Research
  • Additional Information
    • Availability:
      AOSIS. 15 Oxford Street, Durbanville, Cape Town, 7550 South Africa. Tel: +27-21-975-2602; Fax: +27-21-975-4635; e-mail: publishing@aosis.co.za; Web site: https://thejournal.org.za/index.php/thejournal
    • Peer Reviewed:
      Y
    • Source:
      10
    • Education Level:
      Higher Education
      Postsecondary Education
    • Subject Terms:
      Learning Management Systems; College Students; College Faculty; Administrators; Artificial Intelligence; Technology Uses in Education; Program Effectiveness; Barriers; Design; Workshops
    • ISSN:
      2415-0991
      2519-5638
    • Abstract:
      The integration of chatbots into learning management systems (LMSs) has the potential to significantly enhance the user experience (UX) in the context of higher education. However, the lack of evidence-based guidelines for the design of such chatbots has diminished this potential. This study proposes a set of guiding principles to improve the design of LMS chatbots. A design science research approach was adopted to formulate the chatbot design principles, drawing on insights from 12 LMS users (students, instructors and administrators) at diverse higher education institutions, gathered during a design thinking workshop and refined through expert evaluation. This study offers a framework for developing LMS chatbots that prioritise UX, ensuring that LMS platforms remain an asset in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). The principles address various aspects, including technical mechanisms, language usage, user experience and feedback mechanisms. Practically, it offers actionable principles to enhance responsiveness, accessibility, personalisation and trust. Future research should focus on the empirical evaluation of these principles in real-world implementations and their applicability to Artificial Intelligence (AI)-enabled chatbots to validate their effectiveness and broader impact on UX for users. Contribution: This study proposes a structured, empirically grounded set of design principles for LMS-integrated chatbots. It addresses user dissatisfaction and underutilisation in LMS platforms by offering evidence-based guidance to enhance UX. It builds on and provides a framework for improving chatbot-user interactions. Practically, it offers actionable principles to enhance responsiveness, accessibility, personalisation and trust. This study thus supports digital transformation in higher education by promoting more engaging, inclusive and student-centred technology-enhanced learning environments.
    • Abstract:
      As Provided
    • Publication Date:
      2026
    • Accession Number:
      EJ1501314