Assessment of the Annealing Effect on Varied Ligand Deposited Lead Sulphide Thin Film Grown by Chemical Bath Deposition Technique

The study of the influence varied concentrations of ligand and annealing of chemically bath deposited PbS thin film has been carried out the influence of ligand on the optical, solid state, morphological and Electrical properties of the deposited thin films has been investigated. The absorbance, transmittance from the UV-VIS spectrophotometer and other parameters such as absorption coefficient, reflectance, energy band gap, optical conductivity indicate that there is a effect of ligand variation on the properties and the absorption coefficient of the films was found to increase as the concentration of ligand as they annealed to the same temperature and in all case they decreases towards longer wavelength region and the energy band gap was observed to increase from 1.61 to 3.71 eV as the concentration of ligand increases. The surface morphology of the SEM micrographs result shows that the deposited thin films are of polycrystalline and the particle grains are evenly distributed across the substrate’s surface indicates that the grain sizes of the films are dependent on the molar concentration of ligand increases while the XRD showed where the preferential plane with highest diffraction intensity is located.