Abstract: The Gedongsongo Temple Complex, situated amidst the slopes of Mount Ungaran in Central Java, Indonesia, stands as a significant testament to Hindu architectural heritage on the island of Java, dating back to the 8th and 9th centuries AD. This complex, renowned among historians and archaeologists, has long been a favored destination for tourists. In efforts to bolster its appeal to visitors, infrastructural enhancements have been introduced within the temple precincts. This research endeavors to examine the repercussions of such infrastructure development on surface runoff patterns within the Gedongsongo Temple Complex and the ensuing impact on various environmental parameters within the area under scrutiny. The study adopts a comprehensive approach, employing EPA SWMM software for modeling and analysis. The methodology encompasses six distinct phases. Initially, data collection and preparation are undertaken, followed by the configuration of the EPA SWMM model. Subsequently, simulations are conducted to replicate existing conditions, facilitating a thorough understanding of the prevailing runoff dynamics. The model is then adjusted to accommodate proposed infrastructural modifications, paving the way for simulations of prospective layout scenarios. Finally, the resultant data is subjected to meticulous analysis and interpretation. Modeling outcomes reveal a discernible surge in surface runoff rates attributable to deficiencies in the existing drainage infrastructure. Consequently, instances of inundation have been observed within the Gedongsongo Temple Complex. Mitigating such inundation risks necessitates strategic interventions, including constructing robust drainage networks and adopting Low Impact Development techniques. By incorporating these measures, the adverse effects of heightened runoff can be effectively managed, ensuring the sustainable preservation of the temple complex's historical and cultural significance amidst its burgeoning tourist appeal.
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