Measurement, Statistics, and Research Design Issues in Sport and Exercise Psychology

The theme that continues throughout this article is the one take-home, bottom- line message for both sport and exercise psychology scholars and our measurement colleagues: Identifying our research questions, or achieving conceptual clarity, is the source and solution for our measurement, statistics, and design issues. When research has a clear purpose and conceptual framework, when constructs are clearly defined, and when clear and relevant questions are asked, we solve many problems. Moreover, we get better advice when we ask the experts.