Viral coinfections and reactivation in COVID-19: another element to be considered. Systematic Review ; Reactivación y coinfecciones virales en COVID-19: otro elemento a considerar. Revisión Sistemática

COVID-19 is a disease that affects the world's population, representing a social and health challenge. SARS-CoV-2 shows affinity for the respiratory system, as it is the gateway and primary site of replication. Although respiratory manifestations are the most frequent, gastrointestinal, renal, neurological, cardiac, and other manifestations have been reported. One element that has not received the attention it deserves is viral reactivation and viral coinfections. As is well known, the treatment of severe and critical forms of COVID-19 include biological products, steroids, mechanical ventilation and multiple pharmacotherapies, added to the pathophysiology of the disease itself, which is characterized by a cytokine storm, causes the reactivation of those viral infections that are considered latent and chronic, further aggravating the clinical picture. In this systematic review it has been found that hematological events such as leukopenia and lymphopenia together with the excessive use of steroids, and the long hospital stay can lead to the reactivation of viruses belonging to the Herperviridae family (Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV), Cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Herpes virus (HSV1/2)) as well as hepatotropic viruses (Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and C (HCV), which can complicate the clinical prognosis ; La COVID-19 es una enfermedad que afecta a la población mundial, representando un reto social y sanitario. El SARS-CoV-2 muestra afinidad por el sistema respiratorio, por ser la puerta de entrada y el sitio primario de replicación. Aunque las manifestaciones respiratorias sean las más frecuentes, se han reportado manifestaciones gastrointestinales, renales, neurológicas, cardiacas; entre otras. Un elemento que no ha recibido en la atención que merece es la reactivación y las coinfecciones virales. Como es bien sabido, el tratamiento de COVID-19 en sus formas graves y críticas incluyen productos biológicos, corticoesteroides, ventilación mecánica y la múltiple farmacoterapia, aunado a la fisiopatología propia de la enfermedad ...