Abstract: Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces (RIS) have emerged as a transformative technology in wireless communications, enabling intelligent control of the propagation environment. When combined with Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA), and deployed over hybrid Free Space Optical (FSO) and Millimeter-Wave (mmWave) links, RIS can significantly enhance spectral efficiency, reliability, and coverage in next-generation networks. However, the integration of these technologies introduces new challenges in architecture design, configuration strategies, and performance trade-offs. A systematic review is needed to synthesize the latest optimization strategies and architectural solutions aimed at improving performance across these hybrid systems. ...
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