Wood vaults and bahareque in of Bogota colonial churches. Study of four churches of century xvii ; Bóvedas de madera y bahareque en iglesias coloniales bogotanas. Estudio de cuatro iglesias del siglo xvii ; Abóbadas de madeira e bahareque dentro de templos do colonial de Bogotá. Estudo de quatro igrejas do século XVII

The first churches that the Spaniards builded in Colombia had a cover in triangular structure —denominated “par y nudillo”—made with wood. Over this structure a cane framework was placed and fixed with leather or vegetal fiber and on this a mudlayer cover with straw or mud roofing tile.Later the vaults appeared like internal structural system of the central zone of the churches. The vaults initially were made inheavy materials as stone or brick and as a result of this collapsed during the earthquakes, being replaced by vaults constructedin wood or “bahareque”. The vaults done with these materials became popular in several countries of South America since bytheir flexibility these vaults have resisted better the earthquakes.In Colombia, during the colonial period were built several of these vaults in churches of the historical center of Bogota. Thisarticle presents the results found in research by the group grime —Research Group in materials and structures-puj— on fourchurches —built between 1610 and 1654—: La Candelaria, San Juan de Dios, Santa Clara and San Ignacio. This study soughtto identify the elements that shape, materials, connections and construction techniques. ; Las primeras iglesias que los españoles construyeron en Colombia tenían una cubierta en estructura triangular —denominada“par y nudillo”— elaborada con madera. Sobre esta estructura se colocaba un entramado en cañas unidas con cuero o confibra vegetal, y sobre este encañado se colocaba una capa de barro con cubierta en paja o teja de barro.Posteriormente, las bóvedas aparecieron como sistema estructural interno de la zona central de las iglesias. Las bóvedas seelaboraron inicialmente en materiales pesados, como piedra o ladrillo, y en consecuencia colapsaron durante los terremotos,siendo reemplazadas por bóvedas construidas en madera o “bahareque”. Las bóvedas hechas con estos materiales se popularizaronen varios países de Suramérica, ya que por su flexibilidad y bajo peso han resistido mejor los sismos.En Colombia, durante el periodo colonial ...