Razvoj modela linearne dinamike vozila za določitev porabe energije med vožnjo vozila ; Development of a linear dynamic model of a vehicle for the determination of the energy consumption while driving

Okoljevarstvena tematika s ciljem zmanjšanja onesnaževanja okolja ima vedno večjo težo v družbi. Zaradi prizadevanja Evropske Unije, da dosežemo podnebno nevtralno gospodarstvo, želimo v tem delu razviti model za primerjavo porabe energije različnih pogonskih sistemov. V literaturi lahko najdemo mnogo različnih modelov, ki se razlikujejo v globini ter načinu popisa porabe energije med vožnjo. V tem delu je bil razvit model, ki se navezuje na vrsto vozila, za globino popisa pa smo uporabili model karakterističnih parametrov motorja. Cilj naloge je tako narediti enostaven, a dovolj natančen model, ki popiše porabo energije oz. goriva na definiranem voznem ciklu. Za razvoj programa je bilo izbrano programsko orodje Python. Z razvitim modelom sta bili primerjani modelski vozili avtobusov, in sicer baterisjko električno vozilo in konvencionalno vozilo z motorjem z notranjim zgorevanjem. Ugotovili smo, da je modelsko vozilo gnano z elektromotorjem, na vseh treh primerjalnih ciklih porabilo manj energije, kot vozilo, gnano z motorjem z notranjim zgorevanjem. ; Environmental issues, aimed at reducing the environmental pollution have an increasing weight in society. Following the European Union's efforts in achieving a climate independent economy, a model comparing the energy consumption of different vehicle types will be presented. Many different models can be found in literature, differing in depth and level of transparency of the energy consumption while driving. In this work, we have developed a vehicle-type related model and used engine model based on characteristic maps. The objective of this work is to make a simple but sufficiently accurate model that records fuel consumption on a defined driving cycle. We have decided to develop a program with Python programming language. With the developed model two bus-type vehicle models were compared, namely an electric vehicle and a conventional vehicle with an internal combustion engine. The results indicate that the vehicle, powered by the electric motor, consumed less ...