Localization for random quasi-one-dimensional models

In this paper we review results of Anderson localization for different random families of operators which enter in the framework of random quasi-one-dimensional models. We first recall what is Anderson localization from both physical and mathematical point of views. From the Anderson-Bernoulli conjecture in dimension 2 we justify the introduction of quasi-one-dimensional models. Then we present different types of these models : the Schrödinger type in the discrete and continuous cases, the unitary type, the Dirac type and the point-interactions type. In a second part we present tools coming from the study of dynamical systems in dimension one : the transfer matrices formalism, the Lyapunov exponents and the Fürstenberg group. We then prove a criterion of localization for quasi-one-dimensional models of Schrödinger type involving only geometric and algebraic properties of the Fürstenberg group. Then, in the last two sections, we review results of localization, first for Schrödinger type models and then for unitary type models. Each time, we reduce the question of localization to the study of the Fürstenberg group and show how to use more and more refined algebraic criterions to prove the needed properties of this group. All the presented results for quasi-one-dimensional models of Schrödinger type include the case of Bernoulli randomness. ; Dans cet article, nous passons en revue des résultats de localisation d'Anderson pour différentes familles d'opérateurs aléatoires qui entrent dans le cadre des modèles aléatoires quasi-unidimensionnels. Nous rappelons d'abord ce qu'est la localisation d'Anderson d'un point de vue physique et mathématique. A partir de la conjecture d'Anderson-Bernoulli en dimension 2, nous justifions l'introduction de modèles quasi-unidimensionnels. Nous présentons ensuite différents types de ces modèles : le type Schrödinger dans les cas discret et continu, le type unitaire, le type Dirac et le type interactions ponctuelles. Dans une deuxième partie, nous présentons des outils issus de ...