Perfect Competition in Hayek’s Neoliberalism. A Critique Based on the Transcendental Concepts of Hinkelammert ; La competencia perfecta en el neoliberalismo de Hayek. Crítica a partir de los conceptos trascendentales de Hinkelammert ; La concurrence parfaite dans le néolibéralisme de Hayek. Critique à partir des concepts transcendantaux de Hinkelammert

The aim of this essay is to determine what type of transcendental content the model of perfect competition has in Friedrich Hayek’s neoliberalism. The examination of the content is based on the proposal of transcendental concepts developed by Franz Josef Hinkelammert, and the research method used is the analectic one. The document upholds Hinkelammert’s thesis that transcendental concepts can derive –through thought itself or through human action– into illusions. The findings indicate that transcendental illusions predominate in the model. First, the incorrect approach to perfect competition: Hayek, through an empirical market with certain characteristics, seeks to generate a tendency toward perfect competition. The approach should be the opposite: starting from perfect competition to define the empirical market. Second, the model is founded on mercantile criteria: it leaves aside the needs whose satisfaction makes possible the physical-biological existence of subjects. Third, the model has logical inconsistencies in its design: perfect competition constitutes, in the empirical sphere, a non-competition, and the simultaneous partial equilibria it programs have a reverse meaning compared to the successive partial equilibria that appear in reality. ; El objetivo del ensayo es determinar qué tipo de contenido trascendental tiene el modelo de la competencia perfecta en el neoliberalismo de Friedrich Hayek. El examen del contenido se hace con base en la propuesta de conceptos trascendentales que desarrolla Franz Josef Hinkelammert y el método de investigación utilizado es el analéctico. En el documento se sostiene la tesis hinkelammertiana de que los conceptos trascendentales pueden derivar –por el propio pensamiento o por la misma acción humana– en ilusiones. Los hallazgos indican que predominan las ilusiones trascendentales en el modelo. Primero, la aproximación incorrecta a la competencia perfecta: Hayek, a través de un mercado empírico con determinadas características, busca generar una tendencia a la competencia ...