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The War of Nature, Famine, and Death as Desing Source for Living Beings ; La guerra de la Naturaleza, la carestía y la muerte como fuente del diseño de los seres vivos

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  • Additional Information
    • Publication Information:
      Facultad de Filosofía. UNED
    • Publication Date:
      2020
    • Collection:
      UNED: Revistas Cientificas (Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia)
    • Abstract:
      Alan Grafen's 'Formal Darwinism project' proposes a mathematical formulation of Darwin's theory that seeks to demonstrate that natural selection shapes phenotypic traits through the maximization of fitness. Grafen's project is based on three premises: (1) natural selection is the only force that shapes phenotypes; (2) fitness is the only measure of evolution; and (3) biological design arises as a result of a process of selective optimization. In this paper, we argue that these three premises limit the applicability of the model to the simplest evolutionary facts. This is because Grafen implicitly presupposes a concept of fitness that is both cause and effect of phenotypic innovations; which, on the one hand, empties Darwin's theory of explanatory power and, on the other hand, leads to overlooking the potential contribution of non-selective evolutionary forces in the shaping of biological complexity. To overcome these pitfalls of the Formal Darwinism Project - which are also common to all formal adaptationist models - we propose to replace the causal concept of fitness with the concept of robustness, thus defining biological design as form and function rather than as maximization of fitness. ; El proyecto del ‘Darwinismo Formal’ de Alan Grafen propone una formulación matemática de la teoría de Darwin que pretende demostrar que la selección natural moldea los rasgos fenotípicos a través de la maximización de la eficacia (fitness). El proyecto de Grafen reposa sobre tres premisas: (1) la selección natural es la única fuerza que moldea los fenotipos; (2) la eficacia es la única medida de le evolución; y (3) el diseño biológico surge como resultado de un proceso de optimización selectiva. En este trabajo argumentamos que estas tres premisas limitan la aplicabilidad del modelo a los hechos evolutivos más simples. Esto se debe a que Grafen implícitamente presupone un concepto de eficacia que es a la vez causa y efecto de las novedades fenotípicas; lo que, por un lado, vacía la teoría de Darwin de poder explicativo y, ...
    • File Description:
      application/pdf
    • Relation:
      https://revistas.uned.es/index.php/endoxa/article/view/28849/pdf; https://revistas.uned.es/index.php/endoxa/article/view/28849
    • Accession Number:
      10.5944/endoxa.46.2020.28849
    • Online Access:
      https://revistas.uned.es/index.php/endoxa/article/view/28849
      https://doi.org/10.5944/endoxa.46.2020.28849
    • Rights:
      Derechos de autor 2020 ENDOXA
    • Accession Number:
      edsbas.6BC7D465