Shiftwork and the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome among Health Care Workers: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study

Objective This study evaluated the association between shiftwork and metabolic syndrome (MetS) among a group of health care workers in Sri Lanka. Methods This study was in comparative cross-sectional design with 78 shiftworkers and nonshiftworkers 18 years and older. Data were collected through questionnaires, anthropometric measures, and blood tests. Metabolic syndrome was diagnosed based on the International Diabetes Federation and modified National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. Results The prevalence of MetS according to the International Diabetes Federation criteria was 16.2% and 36.6% among day workers and shiftworkers (P = 0.043). According to modified National Cholesterol Education Program, Adult Treatment Panel III, 18.9% of day workers and 36.6% of shiftworkers had MetS (P = 0.083). The best predictors of MetS were age (odds ratio, 1.07; 95% confidence interval, 1.02-1.12; P = 0.008) and shiftwork (odds ratio, 2.78; confidence interval, 0.90-8.72; P = 0.076). Conclusion Shiftworkers had a more than twofold increased risk of developing MetS than day workers. Intervention targeting diet, physical activity, awareness sessions, and health screenings should be promoted.