Abstract: Background: Asthma is among the most common obstructive respiratory disorders in children, characterized by airway inflammation with features such as wheeze, cough and shortness of breath. Though the etiology behind the disease partly remains unknown, the roots likely origin from early life. Lower lung function, skin barrier impairment, as well as eosinophil inflammation are factors related to asthma development, but are largely unexplored in early life. The overall aim of this doctoral thesis was to explore early risk factors for the development of preschool asthma, related to infant lung function, eosinophil inflammation and skin barrier function in early life. Methods: All four sub studies (I-IV) were based on data prospectively collected from children actively participating in the Preventing Atopic Dermatitis and ALLergies in children (PreventADALL) mother-child cohort (n=2394) recruited from the general population in Sweden and Norway. First, with infant lung function measured in both the awake and sleeping state at three months, we aimed to determine whether lung function by tidal flow-volume (TFV) loops differed according to arousal state (sub study I). Thereafter, we investigated the potential association between infant lung function while awake and preschool asthma at three years (sub study IV). Second, we aimed to explore if infant skin barrier function by transepidermal water loss (TEWL), eczema at three months and mutations in the skin barrier filaggrin (FLG) gene were associated with infant lung function at three months (sub study II) and/or preschool asthma at three years (sub study IV). Third, we aimed to identify if higher levels of inflammation by serum eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) at one and three years were associated with preschool asthma at three years (sub study III). Lastly, we aimed to assess if the potential associations between infant lung- and skin barrier function as well as early-life eosinophil inflammation and preschool asthma differed by sex (sub study III-IV). Results: ...
Relation: I. Bains KES*, Färdig M*, Gudmundsdóttir HK, Almqvist C, Hedlin G, Nordhagen LS, Rehbinder EM, Skjerven HO, Söderhäll C, Vettukattil R, Nordlund B, Lødrup Carlsen KC. Infant tidal flow-volume parameters and arousal state. ERJ Open Res. 2022 Oct 17;8(4):00163-2022. *Shared first authorship. ::doi::10.1183/23120541.00163-2022 ::pmid::36267897 ::isi::000870488900004; II. Färdig M, Gudmundsdóttir HK, Hoyer A, Bains KES, Almqvist C, Monceyron Jonassen C, Rehbinder EM, Skjerven HO, Staff AC, Vettukattil R, Söderhäll C, Carlsen KCL, Nordlund B. Skin Barrier Function and Infant Tidal Flow-Volume Loops-A Population-Based Observational Study. Children. 2022 Dec 31;10(1):88. ::doi::10.3390/children10010088 ::pmid::36670639 ::isi::000914678100001; III. Färdig M, Lie A, Borres MP, Ekenkrantz T, Granum B, Haugen G, Jonassen CM, Movérare R, Rehbinder EM, Skjerven HO, Staff AC, Vettukattil R, Lødrup Carlsen KC, Söderhäll C, Nordlund B. Eosinophil derived-neurotoxin levels by sex and in relation to preschool asthma – a prospective observational study. [Submitted]; IV. Färdig M, Hoyer A, Almqvist C, Bains KES, Lødrup Carlsen KC, Gudmundsdóttir HK, Granum B, Haugen G, Hedlin G, Jonassen CM, Konradsen JR, Lie A, Rehbinder EM, Skjerven HO, Staff AC, Vettukattil R, Söderhäll C, Nordlund B. Infant lung function and early skin barrier impairment in the development of preschool asthma. [Submitted]; http://hdl.handle.net/10616/48693
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