Sleepy and grumpy go hand in hand for US Navy Sailors

Study Objectives: The study explores how sleep, sleep-related practices, and behaviors, in addition to various demographic and occupational characteristics, are related to overall mood of US Navy sailors when they are underway. Methods: Longitudinal assessment of US Navy sailors performing their underway duties (N = 873, 79.2% males, median age 25 years). Participants completed standardized questionnaires, wore wrist-worn actigraphs, and completed daily activity logs. Results: Sailors who reported worse profle of mood states (POMS) total mood disturbance scores had shorter sleep duration, worse sleep quality, and more episodes of split sleep. The group with worse mood also reported more symptoms of excessive daytime sleep iness as well as more symptoms of insomnia. In addition to sleep results, sailors with worse mood also tended to be younger, more likely to use nicotine and tobacco products, and less likely to have an exercise routine when compared to sailors with better POMS scores. Finally, the group with worse POMS scores included more enlisted personnel, tended to work more hours per day, and were more likely to stand watch—especially on rotating watch schedules. Conclusions: The results found significant associations between the sleep practices and mood of sailors aboard US Navy ships. Numerous other demographic and occupational factors were also strongly associated with mood. This paper is part of the Sleep and Circadian Rhythms: Management of Fatigue in Occupational Settings Collection.