Methodology for constructing a spatial indicator of exposure of residents living near wine-growing areas to phytopharmaceutical products used in viticulture ; Méthodologie de construction d’un indicateur spatialisé d’exposition des riverains de zones viticoles aux produits phytopharmaceutiques utilisés en viticulture

The PestiRiv study, conducted by Santé publique France and ANSES, aims to ascertain the existence or absence of overexposure among residents of viticultural areas to pesticides used in vineyards. The study compares the exposure of participants residing near vineyards with that of participants living far from any crop, based on both biological and environmental measurements. To determine if the measured exposure levels can be attributed to treatments applied to vineyards in proximity to households, it is essential to develop a spatialized exposure indicator that approximates the intensity of viticultural treatments. This is due to the absence of a public registry containing information about treatment dates and quantities applied to vineyard plots.This paper focuses on the development of a new methodology for constructing a spatialized exposure indicator of pesticides applied in vineyards. Constructing such an indicator poses numerous technical and methodological challenges. Indeed, estimating a household's exposure to pesticides used in vineyards involves complex and multiparametric processes. Presently, the available data remain incomplete, requiring the integration of diverse data sources. Parameters and relevant data for estimating pesticides exposure were identified, characterized, and categorized based on their use within PestiRiv. To facilitate incremental implementation within a future multivariate statistical model, the spatialized exposure indicator is constructed across three levels. The first level informs on the density of nearby vineyards relative to the participant's residence. The second level incorporates information pertaining to the likelihood of treatments near households. This estimation is achieved through spatialized BNV-D and usage data. The final level considers wind's influence on the drift of pesticides towards the households. Other variables capable of influencing viticultural pesticides exposure but not compatible with the spatialized indicator were identified. These variables will be ...