FEATURES OF DIFFICULTY IN SOLVING ARITHMETIC PROBLEMS BY PRIMARY EDUCATION STUDENTS ; ОСОБЛИВОСТІ УТРУДНЕННЯ ПІД ЧАС РОЗВ’ЯЗАННЯ АРИФМЕТИЧНИХ ЗАДАЧ ЗДОБУВАЧАМИ ПОЧАТКОВОЇ ОСВІТИ

The article reveals the issue of elementary school students’ ability to solve arithmetic problems while facing some difficulties, the nature of which has not been sufficiently studied yet. Trying to find out the reason for these difficulties it should be clarified what constitutes a simple problem as a subject of students’ cognition, and how it is understood by the students at their first stages of studying. For this purpose it is necessary to consider how the novice student relates to the task which the teacher offers him/her, how he/she subjectively “accepts” it.Today, the educational institution deals with the personality, identity of the individual, while the individual turns out to be the center of ethics and will act as the main methodological position in upbringing and education. In the systemic nature of education one of the important roles belongs to primary education, which lays the foundation of intellectual, ethical, emotional and volitional qualities of the individual. The mathematics education field is the midpoint for mastering the acquisition of mathematical knowledge, building proficiency and skills, and obtaining the full mathematics education.Arithmetic problems are of great importance in the study of mathematics. They, on the one hand, create a characteristic section of the typical program, the meaning of which the student must learn, and, on the other hand, could be interpreted as a learning material of training, education and development of the elementary school student.Among the system of tasks, which are the subject of studying mathematical field of knowledge, the main place is inherent exactly to the arithmetic problems. Their solution is aimed at the formation of students’ system of mathematical knowledge, development of their skills and abilities of mathematical modeling, calculation, intellectual activity. Arithmetic problems help to reveal the mediated connections with the world and practical activities of people, using ICT, implementing cognitive and educational functions of ...