Comparative evaluation of chemical and natural coagulant agents in the process of served water clarification ; Avaliação comparativa de agentes coagulantes químico e natural no processo de clarificação águas servidas

The reuse of effluents has been studied and aims to reduce the demand on water sources, replacing drinking water with water of inferior quality. Among the activities that use water the most, generating loads of total solids, are washing cars and clothes, using coagulants as treatment. This work aimed to compare the applicability of aluminum sulfate and Moringa oleifera seeds in the effluent coagulation process. The samples were collected in a car wash and in a residence located in Sumé-PB, with aluminum sulfate and moringa seeds in solution being applied as coagulants. Factorial design 2² was applied, with three repetitions at the central point, verifying the influence of time and the amount of coagulants on turbidity, pH and electrical conductivity. The results for the car wash effluent demonstrated a reduction in turbidity of up to 94%, using the natural coagulant, and up to 96%, for aluminum sulfate, which provided a reduction in pH and an increase in electrical conductivity. Analyzing the results for the clothes washing effluent, there was a reduction in turbidity of up to 92%, using the moringa solution, and up to 70%, for aluminum sulfate, with a reduction in pH. With a 95% confidence level, it was found that for turbidity, when aluminum sulfate was used, the two factors and the interaction were statistically significant, while for moringa, only time had a significant effect. ; O reúso de efluentes vem sendo estudado e tem como propósito reduzir a demanda sobre os mananciais, substituindo a água potável por uma água de qualidade inferior. Dentre as atividades que mais utilizam água, gerando cargas de sólidos totais, estão a lavagem de automóveise de roupas, utilizando de coagulantes como tratamento. Este trabalho objetivou a comparação da aplicabilidade do sulfato de alumínio e das sementes de Moringa oleífera, no processo de coagulação dos efluentes. As amostras foram coletadas em uma lava a jato e uma residência localizados no Município de Sumé-PB, sendo aplicados como coagulantes o sulfato de alumínio e ...