The architectural decorations of Ilkhanid period in Iranian and Anatolian geography from selected monuments ; İran ve Anadolu coğrafyasında seçilmiş anıtlar üzerinden İlhanlılar dönemi mimari bezemesi

Thesis (Ph.D.) -- Istanbul Technical University, Graduate School, 2021 ; In the 13th century, nomadic steppe tribes who could be regarded as a Mongol family began to move across Asia under the leadership of Genghis Khan. They created a large empire under their government in the regions they became governor as Iran, Anatolia, and the neighborhoods. They also changed the cultural and geographic situations by their attack from the place they started to move to the west of Asia, but they were influenced by the Islamic culture as well in their path like Central Asia toward Iran and Anatolia. The Mongolians who are famous as Ilkhanids were stated in Iran about 1256-1335 (or 1353) and in Anatolia between 1243-1335. When Ilkhanids encountered with Iran and Anatolia's rich culture, they created the works through the architectural activity that obtained and united with their cultures, which the signs of these efforts became observed. During the Ilkhanid period, the branches of art related to decorations become apparent. This thesis involves a selection of architectural works during the Ilkhanid period that are cited in this thesis according to selected monuments from Iran and Anatolia exhibit the traditional methods of local artists/craftspeople who learned from their ancestors. Moreover, there are also sources of some Chinese and European influences, which were combined with traditional approaches of Mongols. The Ilkhanids gave importance to the decorations of architectural works to a high degree; likewise, it is recognizable that they also paid attention to the decoration of manuscripts, such as Great Mongol Shahnama (Book of Kings) and Quran manuscripts. It is possible to discern some similarities in terms of vegetal, geometric, and calligraphic decorations between the manuscripts and architectural decorations work. Although the Ilkhanids were from a nomadic culture, they could build monumental-scale mosques, tombs, madrasas, caravanserais, and palaces in the geographic locations they lived. It can be seen in the ...