Language Skills and Homophilous Hiring Discrimination: Evidence from Gender-and Racially-Differentiated Applications

URL des Documents de travail : https://centredeconomiesorbonne.cnrs.fr/publications/ Voir aussi l'article basé sur ce document de travail paru dans "Review of Economics of the Household",17, 349–376 (2019) ; This paper investigates the importance of ethnic homophily in the hiring discrimination process, and provides a novel test for statistical discrimination. Our evidence comes from a correspondence test performed in France, in which we use three different kinds of ethnic identification: French sounding names, North African sounding names, and "foreign" sounding names with no clear ethnic association. Within both male and female groups, we show that all non-French applicants are equally discriminated against when compared to French applicants. This indicates that racial discrimination in employment is directed against members of non-majority ethnic groups, and highlights the importance of favoritism for in-group members. Moreover we find direct evidence of homophily: recruiters with European names are more likely to call back French named applicants and female recruiters are more likely to call back women. The paper also directly tests for statistical discrimination by adding a signal related to language skill ability in all resumes sent to half the job offers. Although the signal inclusion significantly impacts the discrimination experienced by non-French females, it is much weaker for male minorities. ; Cet article s'intéresse au rôle de l'homophilie ethnique dans la discrimination à l'embauche, et propose une nouvelle façon de tester l'existence d'une discrimination statistique. Notre analyse porte sur des tests de correspondance effectués en France dans lesquels nous distinguons trois types d'identification ethnique : des noms à consonance Française, à consonance maghrébine, et à consonance étrangère sans attache claire à une origine particulière. Nos résultats montrent que la discrimination à l'embauche opère indifféremment envers tous les noms à consonance étrangère, tant chez les hommes que chez les ...