Whale Optimization for MPPT of Single Stage Grid Integrated PV Plant with H∞ and TSK-Fuzzy Controllers

Numerous techniques for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) are extensively employed to extract the utmost energy from Photovoltaic (PV) panels. The P&O method is a highly effective technique among those who perturb and observe. Nevertheless, in the presence of partial shading conditions, it becomes imperative to employ an optimization algorithm that can accurately pinpoint the global maximum location (GML) amidst the numerous local maximum locations. The Whale-inspired algorithm is a renowned optimization method for efficiently identifying GML in comparison to numerous other optimization algorithms. An inverter is required to interfacing between PV and grid in single stage grid connected system as it will also work as a MPPT device by controlling voltage corresponding to GML. In this situation, the utilization of a whale-inspired optimization technique can enhance energy harvesting through an appropriate inverter controller. The combination of TS-Fuzzy and H∞ controllers through hybridization can lead to rapid response times and increased system stability. Hence, this paper introduces a new controller designed for the inverter to function effectively in a single-stage grid-connected PV system. The proposed controller can also provide the grid with high-quality power. This work showcases comprehensive findings derived from Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) testing conducted using OPAL-RT technologies.