Risk factors for in-hospital mortality in surgical patients with abdominal sepsis in China: a nested case-control study

Objectives To delineate the clinical characteristics and investigate the determinants that may affect the prognosis of surgical patients with abdominal sepsis.Design A case-control study was nested in a cohort of surgical patients with abdominal sepsis between 2008 and 2022. We extracted patient’ medical records to execute descriptive statistical analyses. Multiple logistic regression models and subgroup analysis were employed to elucidate the risk factors of in-hospital mortality.Setting Two tertiary hospitals in China.Participants 476 surgical patients diagnosed with abdominal sepsis between 2008 and 2022 were analysed.Interventions None.Outcome measures Descriptive statistics were used to examine pertinent patient information, including demographic details, laboratory findings, surgical interventions and anaesthetic records. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent risk factors for in-hospital mortality. Subgroup analyses were conducted to explore the impact of specific clinical characteristics on outcomes.Results 476 patients diagnosed with abdominal sepsis were analysed, exhibiting an in-hospital mortality rate of 7.56%. Advanced age (OR 6.77, 95% CI 2.46 to 18.66, p