Abstract: The socio-economic doctrines that preceded cooperativism and date back to the associative movement (Plockboy and Bellers) underwent a radical and statist change (the Saint-Simonians, the forerunners of the communist revolutions). Another doctrine which advocates cooperative utopia (Owen, Fourier and King), was based on the Rochdale Bylaws (1844) and was corporatised with the German doctrine in the second half of the nineteenth century (Schulze, Raiffeisen and Haas), becoming a global movement when the International Cooperative Alliance was founded (1895).
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