Validation of the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) Score as an Outcome Measure as Compared to the revised Foot Function Index (rFFI)

Category: Other Introduction/Purpose: Patient reported outcome measures serve as an invaluable tool in both the clinical and research setting to monitor a patient’s condition and efficacy of treatments over time. We aim to validate the Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE) score for disorders of the lower extremity using the revised Foot Function Index (rFFI) as a reference. The rFFI is a validated 34-question survey tool utilized in the evaluation of patients with foot and ankle related pathology [1-4], while the SANE score consists of a patient’s single numerical rating of the status of their extremity [5]. Given its ease of use and prior validation with shoulder pathology, the SANE score has potential as a practical and effective outcome measure in foot and ankle pathology. Methods: Patient age, sex, visit diagnosis by ICD-10 code, SANE score, and FFI score were collected retrospectively from 218 initial patient encounters between January 2015 through July 2017. Patients were included if they were 18 years and older presenting for outpatient evaluation to the University of Connecticut Foot and Ankle Orthopedic Department. Patients were excluded if they had incomplete SANE or rFFI data. The rFFI is a 34-question survey with subscales including pain (7 questions), stiffness (7 questions), activity limitation (3 questions), difficulty (11 questions), and social issues (6 questions). Results of the two scores were compared using the Pearson or Spearman correlation coefficients with correlation defined as excellent (>0.7), excellent-good (0.61-0.7), good (0.4-0.6), or poor (0.2-0.39) [6]. Diagnoses were categorized into 9 subgroups that were analyzed including: forefoot, plantar fasciitis, arthritis, deformity, fracture, tendinitis, OCD, soft tissue trauma and “other”. Results: The SANE score had good correlation with the overall rFFI score (r=0.51, p