Ilioinguinal Fistula Following Hysterectomy and Radiotherapy: A Rare Case Report and Challenges in Diagnosis and Treatment

Ilioinguinal fistula is an abnormal connection between the ileum and vagina, representing a rare complication following gynecological surgeries. This article presents a rare case of a 63-year-old woman who developed an Ilioinguinal fistula five years after undergoing hysterectomy, oophorectomy, and radiotherapy for uterine cancer. The sudden onset of foul-smelling vaginal discharge prompted her to visit a gynecology clinic, leading to a referral to the surgical department and subsequent diagnostic imaging via MRI, which ultimately revealed the Ilioinguinal fistula. This case highlights an uncommon complication in gynecologic surgeries, particularly those related to uterine cancer, and underscores the significant role of radiotherapy in fistula formation. The challenges of early diagnosis and the importance of appropriate treatment strategies for effective management are emphasized. This case report contributes to increasing awareness among specialists about potential postoperative complications, especially in patients who have undergone radiotherapy, thereby facilitating timely diagnosis and targeted interventions.