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Subclinical infection and potential shedding routes of equine parvovirus-hepatitis among hospitalized horses in Austria

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  • Additional Information
    • Publisher Information:
      Wiley Open Access 2024-07-01
    • Abstract:
      Background: Equine parvovirus hepatitis (EqPV-H) can cause Theiler's disease and subclinical hepatitis in horses. Objectives: Assess the frequency of subclinical EqPV-H infection in hospitalized horses and to study viral transmission by investigating potential shedding routes. Animals: One hundred sixteen equids, that presented to the University Equine Hospital of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna between February 2021 and March 2022, for causes other than hepatopathy. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, samples (serum, feces, nasal, and buccal swabs) of hospitalized horses were collected. Sera were screened for the presence of anti-EqPV-H antibodies by a luciferase immunoprecipitation system assay. Quantitative PCR was used for the detection of EqPV-H DNA in the samples and a nested PCR was used for further validation. Results: Seroprevalence was 10.3% (12/116) and viremia occurred in 12.9% (15/116) of the serologically positive horses. The detected viral load in serum varied from non-quantifiable amount to 1.3 × 106 genome equivalents per milliliter of serum. A low viral load of EqPV-H DNA was detected in 2 nasal swabs and 1 fecal sample. Conclusion and clinical importance: EqPV-H DNA was detected in nasal secretions and feces of viremic horses, which could pose a risk to naive hospitalized horses. It is advisable to screen hospitalized horses that are potential donors of blood or plasma to reduce the risk of iatrogenic EqPV-H transmission.
    • Subject Terms:
      Institute of Virology; 570 Life sciences; biology; Journal Article; PeerReviewed; info:eu-repo/semantics/article; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
    • Availability:
      Open access content. Open access content
      info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
      Creative Commons: Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
      http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
      info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
    • Note:
      application/pdf
      info:doi/10.5167/uzh-260495
      English
      English
    • Other Numbers:
      CHUZH oai:www.zora.uzh.ch:260495
      https://www.zora.uzh.ch/id/eprint/260495/1/PU720.pdf
      info:doi/10.5167/uzh-260495
      info:doi/10.1111/jvim.17129
      info:pmid/38899610
      urn:issn:0891-6640
      1482457235
    • Contributing Source:
      HAUPTBIBLIOTHEK UNIV OF ZURICH
      From OAIster®, provided by the OCLC Cooperative.
    • Accession Number:
      edsoai.on1482457235
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