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Modeling impulsivity and risk aversion in the subthalamic nucleus with deep brain stimulation

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  • Additional Information
    • Publisher Information:
      Springer Science and Business Media LLC Department of Psychiatry http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s44220-024-00289-z Nature Mental Health 2024-07-11T23:30:52Z
    • Abstract:
      AbstractRisk evaluation is ubiquitous in decisions. Deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus is effective for Parkinson’s disease and obsessive–compulsive disorder, and can be associated with impulsivity and hypomania. Subthalamic stimulation has seemingly contrasting effects on impulsivity enhancing conflict-induced impulsivity but decreasing risk taking. Here, using a card gambling task paired with intracranial recordings (n = 25) and within-subject case control acute stimulation (n = 15) of the right subthalamic nucleus, we dissociated objective risk and uncertainty and subjective physiological markers of risk. Acute stimulation decreased risk taking (P = 0.010, Cohen’s d = 0.72) and increased subthalamic theta activity (P < 0.001, Cohen’s d = 0.72). Critically, stimulation negatively shifted the relationship between subthalamic physiology and a measure of evidence accumulation similar to observations with stimulation-induced conflict processing. This highlights the phenotypic and physiological heterogeneity of impulsivity, yet linking mechanisms underlying stimulation-induced conflict and risk. Finally, stimulation-induced risk seeking implicates the ventral subthalamic nucleus and dissociating anatomical and functional connectivity with the mesial prefrontal cortex. Our findings have implications for conceptualizations of impulsivity, and clinical relevance for neuropsychiatric disorders.
    • Subject Terms:
      5202 Biological Psychology; 3214 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences; 32 Biomedical and Clinical Sciences; 52 Psychology; Neurosciences; Brain Disorders; Mental Health; Basic Behavioral and Social Science; Behavioral and Social Science; Clinical Research; 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors; Mental health; Article
    • Availability:
      Open access content. Open access content
      Attribution 4.0 International
      https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
    • Note:
      application/pdf
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      English
    • Other Numbers:
      HS1 oai:www.repository.cam.ac.uk:1810/371104
      1488182250
    • Contributing Source:
      UNIV OF CAMBRIDGE
      From OAIster®, provided by the OCLC Cooperative.
    • Accession Number:
      edsoai.on1488182250
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