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How does the SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate change over time? The global evidence from systematic review and meta-analysis.

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  • Additional Information
    • Source:
      Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100968551 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2334 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712334 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Infect Dis Subsets: MEDLINE
    • Publication Information:
      Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2001-
    • Subject Terms:
      SARS-CoV-2* ; COVID-19*/epidemiology; Humans ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Reinfection/epidemiology
    • Abstract:
      Background: There is a significant increase in the number of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection reports in various countries. However, the trend of reinfection rate over time is not clear.
      Methods: We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang for cohort studies, case-control studies, and cross-sectional studies up to March 16, 2023, to conduct a meta-analysis of global SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate. Subgroup analyses were performed for age, country, study type, and study population, and time-varying reinfection rates of SARS-CoV-2 were estimated using meta-regression. The risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tool.
      Result: A total of 55 studies involving 111,846 cases of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection were included. The pooled SARS-CoV-2 reinfection rate was 0.94% (95% CI: 0.65 -1.35%). In the subgroup analyses, there were statistically significant differences in the pooled reinfection rates by reinfection variant, and study type (P < 0.05). Based on meta-regression, the reinfection rate fluctuated with time.
      Conclusion: Meta-regression analysis found that the overall reinfection rate increased and then decreased over time, followed by a period of plateauing and then a trend of increasing and then decreasing, but the peak of the second wave of reinfection rate was lower than the first wave. SARS-CoV-2 is at risk of reinfection and the Omicron variant has a higher reinfection rate than other currently known variants. The results of this study could help guide public health measures and vaccination strategies in response to the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.
      (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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    • Grant Information:
      2022YFS0641 Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program; 2022YFS0641 Sichuan Province Science and Technology Support Program; 2022YFC3600604 National Key Research and Development Program of China; 81602935 National Natural Science Foundation of China; cstc2020jscx-cylhX0003 Chongqing Science and Technology Program; 2021zc02 Central government funding items; H230413 Chengdu Municipal People's Government
    • Contributed Indexing:
      Keywords: COVID-19; Meta-analysis; Meta-regression; SARS-CoV-2; Time-varying reinfection rate
    • Subject Terms:
      SARS-CoV-2 variants
    • Publication Date:
      Date Created: 20240322 Date Completed: 20240325 Latest Revision: 20240325
    • Publication Date:
      20240325
    • Accession Number:
      PMC10956270
    • Accession Number:
      10.1186/s12879-024-09225-z
    • Accession Number:
      38515023