Ūminis pankreatitas – dažniausia endoskopinės retrogradinės cholangiopankreatografijos komplikacija ; Acute pancreatitis - the most common complication after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography

Background / objective Acute pancreatitis is the most common complication after endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Risk factors for pancreatitis are both patient-related and procedure-related. Because post-ERCP pancreatitis can not be prevented completely, the prophylaxis of pancreatitis remains very important. The aim of our study was to investigate the incidence, diagnosis, treatment results and risk factors for pancreatitis after diagnostic and therapeutic ERCP procedures. Patients and methods Between January 1999 and January 2004, 619 patients underwent 690 diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP procedures, and a retrospective analysis of their case histories was performed. Results In the study period 619 patients underwent 690 diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP procedures and 55 patients (7.9%) developed complications after this procedure. Acute pancreatitis, the most common complication after ERCP (31% all complications) developed in 17 patients (2.46%). The most frequent (70.6%) symptoms of pancreatitis developed on the day of the procedure. Of these patients, 88.2% were treated conservatively, two patients were operated on. One patient died because of multiorgan failure, all other patients (94.1%) recovered. Risk factors for pancreatitis were age < 40 years, bleeding after papillosphincterotomy, and pancreatic duct contrast injection. Conclusions Acute pancreatitis, the most common complication after ERCP, developed in 17 patients (2.46%). Risk factors for pancreatitis were age < 40 years, bleeding after papillosphincterotomy, and pancreatic duct contrast injection. ERCP should be considered only for strong indications, and the risk factor analysis, early diagnosis and adequate treatment of post-ERCP pancreatitis are important.