Benchmarking datasets for assembly-based variant calling using high-fidelity long reads.

Publisher: BioMed Central Country of Publication: England NLM ID: 100965258 Publication Model: Electronic Cited Medium: Internet ISSN: 1471-2164 (Electronic) Linking ISSN: 14712164 NLM ISO Abbreviation: BMC Genomics Subsets: MEDLINE

Original Publication: London : BioMed Central, [2000-

High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing*/methods ; Benchmarking*; Sequence Analysis, DNA/methods ; Humans

Background: Recent advances in long-read sequencing technologies have enabled accurate identification of all genetic variants in individuals or cells; this procedure is known as variant calling. However, benchmarking studies on variant calling using different long-read sequencing technologies are still lacking.
Results: We used two Caenorhabditis elegans strains to measure several variant calling metrics. These two strains shared true-positive genetic variants that were introduced during strain generation. In addition, both strains contained common and distinguishable variants induced by DNA damage, possibly leading to false-positive estimation. We obtained accurate and noisy long reads from both strains using high-fidelity (HiFi) and continuous long-read (CLR) sequencing platforms, and compared the variant calling performance of the two platforms. HiFi identified a 1.65-fold higher number of true-positive variants on average, with 60% fewer false-positive variants, than CLR did. We also compared read-based and assembly-based variant calling methods in combination with subsampling of various sequencing depths and demonstrated that variant calling after genome assembly was particularly effective for detection of large insertions, even with 10 × sequencing depth of accurate long-read sequencing data.
Conclusions: By directly comparing the two long-read sequencing technologies, we demonstrated that variant calling after genome assembly with 10 × or more depth of accurate long-read sequencing data allowed reliable detection of true-positive variants. Considering the high cost of HiFi sequencing, we herein propose appropriate methodologies for performing cost-effective and high-quality variant calling: 10 × assembly-based variant calling. The results of the present study may facilitate the development of methods for identifying all genetic variants at the population level.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)

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SSTF-BA1501-52 Samsung Science and Technology Foundation; 2019R1A6A1A10073437 National Research Foundation of Korea

Keywords: Benchmark; Genetic variant; High-fidelity long reads; Long-read sequencing; Variant calling

Date Created: 20230327 Date Completed: 20230329 Latest Revision: 20240915

20260130

PMC10045170

10.1186/s12864-023-09255-y

36973656