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Anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries between 2000 and 2018

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  • Additional Information
    • Contributors:
      Collaborators, Local Burden of Disease Anaemia; Henry, NJ; Lacey, B; Lewycka, S; Rumisha, SF; Kinyoki, Damaris; Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron E; Bhattacharjee, Natalia V; Schaeffer, Lauren E; Duko, Bereket; Hay, Simon I; Ahmed, Muktar Beshir; Local Burden of Disease Anaemia Collaborators; Instituto de Saúde Pública da Universidade do Porto; HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center; Clinicum; Helsinki University Hospital Area; Department of Oncology; Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron E.; Bhattacharjee, Natalia V.; Schaeffer, Lauren E.; Lazzar-Atwood, Alice; Lu, Dan; Ewald, Samuel B.; Donkers, Katie M.; Letourneau, Ian D.; Collison, Michael; Hay, Simon I.; The University of Newcastle. College of Health, Medicine & Wellbeing, School of biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy; Damaris Kinyoki; Aaron E Osgood-Zimmerman; Natalia V Bhattacharjee; Nicholas J Kassebaum; Simon I Hay; Shin, Jae Il; Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering (CEMSE) Division; Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Global Programs, Medical Teams International, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Pediatric Newborn Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Maternal and Child Wellbeing, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Clinical Research Development Unit, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Department of Internal Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Advanced Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurology, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Tropical Medicine Department, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt; Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran; Neuroscience Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Sweden; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Economics, NMSM Government College, Kalpetta, India; Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil; Department of Research, Philippine Institute for Development Studies, Quezon City, Philippines; Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; Department of Disease Control, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Clinical Research and Operations, Foundation for Scientific Research (FORS), Cotonou, Benin; Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran; College of Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; School of Medicine, Griffith University, Gold Coast, QLD, Australia; Population Health Sciences, King’s College London, London, UK; Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa; Department of Global Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa; Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada; Department of Public Health, Federal Ministry of Health, Abuja, Nigeria; School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Science, Ardabil, Iran; Social Behavioral Research Branch, National Institute of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA; Department of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington DC, USA; Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran; Faculty of Pharmacy, MAHSA University, Kuala Langat, Malaysia; Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Lincoln Medical School, Universities of Nottingham & Lincoln, Lincoln, UK; School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia; Australian Center for Precision Health, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, Australia; Higher National School of Veterinary Medicine, Algiers, Algeria; Faculty of Medicine and Public Health, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Indonesia; Department of Health Policy and Management, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Community Medicine, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia; Department of Public Health, The Intercountry Centre for Oral Health (ICOH) for Africa, Jos, Nigeria; Department of Public Health, Federal Ministry of Health, Garki, Nigeria; John T. Milliken Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Clinical Epidemiology Center, Department of Veterans Affairs, St. Louis, MO, USA; Health Information Management and Technology Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia; Center for Health System Research, National Institute of Public Health, Cuernavaca, Mexico; College of Medicine and Health Science, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia; Department of Midwifery, Arba Minch University, Injbara, Ethiopia; HIV and TB Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Institute of Health Research, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana; Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Health Economics Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran; Department of Health Policy and Management, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait; International Centre for Casemix and Clinical Coding, National University of Malaysia, Bandar Tun Razak, Malaysia; Department of Epidemiology, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran; Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; Department of Parasitology, Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen; Department of Community Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Research Group in Health Economics, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia; Research Group in Hospital Management and Health Policies, ALZAK Foundation, Cartagena, Colombia; Health Services Management Department, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran; Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran; Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt; Pharmacy Department, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania; Department of Statistics and Econometrics, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania; Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands; Nutrition & Food Science Research Directorate, Ethiopian Public Health Institute, Addis Ababab, Ethiopia; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran; Research Center for Evidence Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education, and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Department of Epidemiology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia; Agribusiness Study Program, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, Indonesia; Department of Parasitology, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran; Department of Parasitology, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran; Department of Pathology, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Department of Psychology, Foundation University Islamabad, Rawalpandi, Pakistan; Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran; Department of Public Health, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; Independent Consultant, Windsor, MB, Canada; School of Nursing and Midwifery, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran; Department of Plastic Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA; Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Epilepsy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
    • Publication Information:
      Springer Science and Business Media LLC, 2021.
    • Publication Date:
      2021
    • Abstract:
      Anemia is a globally widespread condition in women and is associated with reduced economic productivity and increased mortality worldwide. Here we map annual 2000–2018 geospatial estimates of anemia prevalence in women of reproductive age (15–49 years) across 82 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), stratify anemia by severity and aggregate results to policy-relevant administrative and national levels. Additionally, we provide subnational disparity analyses to provide a comprehensive overview of anemia prevalence inequalities within these countries and predict progress toward the World Health Organization’s Global Nutrition Target (WHO GNT) to reduce anemia by half by 2030. Our results demonstrate widespread moderate improvements in overall anemia prevalence but identify only three LMICs with a high probability of achieving the WHO GNT by 2030 at a national scale, and no LMIC is expected to achieve the target in all their subnational administrative units. Our maps show where large within-country disparities occur, as well as areas likely to fall short of the WHO GNT, offering precision public health tools so that adequate resource allocation and subsequent interventions can be targeted to the most vulnerable populations.
    • File Description:
      application/pdf; application/zip; text; print
    • ISSN:
      1546-170X
      1078-8956
    • Accession Number:
      10.1038/s41591-021-01498-0
    • Accession Number:
      10.60692/2kaed-26w40
    • Accession Number:
      10.60692/8qrt1-7kf50
    • Rights:
      CC BY
      CC BY NC ND
      URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
    • Accession Number:
      edsair.doi.dedup.....d40c7e3a9ccbb2a3f0ccf9564a65f6c4